One of the most important causes of corruption in Egypt is the absence of legislative frameworks supportive of combating corruption. Despite the existence of legal frameworks to combat corruption in advance, they are inappropriate, such as the articles of the penal code related to waste of public money, bribery, and corruption of executives, as well as articles related to graft.

* What are the obstacles facing regulatory bodies to positively confront corruption?
Combating corruption requires a set of regulatory institutions, and unfortunately these institutions in Egypt lack independence, and most of them are subordinate to the executive authority, and their regulatory frameworks have not changed according to the developments that have occurred in society, and many of them lack competence, even the institutions that persistently strive to fight corruption, the effort in which is individual, For example, the Administrative Control Authority is making a real effort in combating corruption, but it faces administrative problems, as the numbers of its employees are much less than the tasks assigned to it, as well as the coordination between these institutions, in addition to the inadequacy of the laws governing its work, but it is subject to many restrictions.

The National Anti-Corruption Commission is one of their powers.
* Are laws alone able to confront and reduce corruption?
The state, through its legislative and executive institutions, has a legislative package and strong measures towards fighting corruption, and we need new laws to reduce corruption rates now and immediately.

On top of these legislations comes a law “protection of whistleblowers, witnesses and the circulation of information,” in addition to the fact that existing laws need to be seriously reconsidered. We can divide these laws into two types. Legislation regulating the work of institutions and oversight agencies must be reviewed and amended, and the second type is the laws on earning. There are other laws that we can call “the back door laws of corruption” such as tenders and auctions, competition and the prohibition of monopolistic practices, laws regulating to prevent the exploitation of state lands, laws State contracts and appeals.

* Can the civil service law be included in the anti-corruption laws, especially since the adopters of the law were committed to this?
It is wrong for those who claim that the Civil Service Law will help reduce rates of administrative corruption within state institutions. It is a much weaker legislation that eliminates corruption. Rather, it maintains centralization in recruitment.